Into 2012: "A Going On"......

Year's end is neither an end nor a beginning but a going on, with all the wisdom that experience can instill in us. (Hal Borland).

Last New Year's Eve I posted some predictions for 2011 from around the net and via my tarot deck. (Relevant post is HERE). First 3 featured were, very predictably, winners.

They were part of a list drawn up by John Derbyshire, who is a contributor editor of National Review:

Numerology: People will make a great fuss about 11/11/11. Didn't they!

Vocabulary: The word “austerity” will be heard a lot. We heard it!

The culture: Obsessive texting on tiny communication gadgets will become so widespread that at some moment in some daylight hour of 2011, nobody in the U.S.A. will be speaking to anyone else. Yep!

See the rest, including my rather wishy-washy tarot offering, at the link above.

With hindsight, regarding the tarot cards drawn, I might possibly relate two of them to the Occupy movement - 8 Cups -a turning away from the status quo by many of the (Page Wands) younger generation (+ others); the third card (6 Cups) - nostalgia or the return of someone from the past....still a mystery.

I usually find that without a card from the tarot's Major Arcana turning up in the draw, it's barely possible to read stuff that could cover a whole year for the whole world. So.... as a Major card didn't turn up this time either, I'll give tarot a miss in this post. It could be a good sign, by the way: certainly no end-of-world scenario coming up! But we knew that.....didn't we?

It's good that, nowadays, it's custom to limit predictions to the year ahead -ish. Some really, really bad predictions from the past show us how mindset of any given era cannot possibly embrace thought of change on a vast scale over long periods. We have been, and still are, necessarily limited in how much future change our brains are able to process. Perhaps we have improved some, from ongoing experience, and yet, because science and technology have progressed at an ever-incresing pace, can we hope, ever, to keep up?

The ordinary "horseless carriage" is at present a luxury for the wealthy; and although its price will probably fall in the future, it will never, of course, come into as common use as the bicycle.Literary Digest, 1899.

Airplanes are interesting toys but of no military value.
Marechal Ferdinand Foch, Professor of Strategy, Ecole Superieure de Guerre, 1904.

There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home.Ken Olson, president, chairman and founder of Digital Equipment Corp. (DEC), maker of big business mainframe computers, arguing against the PC in 1977.

It's a great invention but who would want to use it anyway?Rutherford B. Hayes, U.S. President, after a demonstration of Alexander Bell's telephone, 1876

X-rays will prove to be a hoax.Lord Kelvin, President of the Royal Society, 1883.

More bad predictions HERE

Astrologers give us their best shot at foretelling the future with each New Year. They can match coming planetary transits to potential (underline potential) outcomes. The best we can hope for is a picture painted with very, very broad brush. In 2012, for instance, the three outer planets (the ones to watch in relation to predicting the future) will all three be in, or about to enter the early degrees of a new sign. During 2012:
Uranus 0 to 4 of Aries
Neptune 28 Aquarius to 1 Pisces, having reached 3 then backtracked.
Pluto 7 to 9 Capricorn.

That could be interpreted as indicating an overall change of atmosphere - everywhere.

Pluto moved from Sagittarius to Capricorn at the end of 2008, so has been at the avant garde, the initiator of a changed atmosphere poised to develop further in coming months.

The election of Barack Obama as President of the USA in 2008 can be seen as evidence of this change. First African American president of the US = a change all by itself. Unfortunately enticing promises of change in Washington which accompanied this new phenomenon have not manifested.

As Uranus creeps ever so slowly, (with a bit of back-and-forthing too) into Fiery Aries we wonder exactly how this new transit will manifest, bearing in mind that around the Fall of 2012 Uranus and Pluto will "square up", that is form a challenging square (90*) aspect. Most astrologers agree that this is the key time to watch for unexpected (Uranus' signature) events in 2012.

The broadest possible astro-brushwork indicates change, but of what type, how deep, at what rate, and where it will manifest most clearly, cannot be made clear by the planets.

I'm sticking to an earlier thought of mine - that the Occupy movement could have been a very, very early sign of change-to-come, but we shouldn't expect to see spectacular, long-lasting change for some years - until Pluto transits Aquarius in fact: 2025 onwards.

Astrologer's Words of Wisdom ~ Palden Jenkins & 2012

Palden Jenkins is based in the UK - if you're not familiar with the name, take a look at his bio and a few of his archived articles. A list of books written by Jenkins can be found HERE.

I'm quoting, below, from a 2002 piece of his from the website Cura : History and the Cycles of Uranus Neptune and Pluto. It's a long piece and takes a reader's close concentration, especially so due to the width of the text area. We bloggers get used to reading narrower text areas and become lazy, but it's well worth the effort to read this piece.

These words of wisdom come from the closing paragraphs of the article:

At present, many prophecy buffs look toward the year 2012 as a time of drastic change. Though end-of-the-world type anticipations might turn out to be exaggerated, there nevertheless is a Uranus-Pluto square from 2012-15. At a square, new impulses arising from a conjunction are put to the test - there is a manifestation crisis. The astrologically-logical likelihood for 2012 is that the paradigm-shift issues of the 1960s will be forced by circumstance to deliver their goods: ecological ideas, women's power and techno-globalism, to name but three bundles of issues, will probably have to handle an emergency. War, institutions and boundaries (Aries-Capricorn) are predictable front-runners for likely trouble. Knowing how things are nowadays, this aspect is likely actually to bring a hailstorm of major issues.

But the choices now are fundamental. We need to realise, for example, that war no longer resolves conflicts as once it did. This is now a pragmatic issue, not solely a moral one or the domain of lettuce-eating pacifists. In the twelve years up to this aspect, we possess the choice to make major proactive forward-steps, or to continue delaying and avoiding such challenges as long as possible. As in 1930, on the previous square, when economic and social crisis demanded drastic action, so around 2012 we tread perilous paths along which the choices we make might have enormous and rapid outcomes. Ten years after 1930 the world was at war. What will the world be like in the decade following 2012?

Since Planet Earth is a world of variety, a variety of things will undoubtedly happen. There will no doubt be both horrors and deeply moving breakthroughs, and (especially for reincarnate Mayans!) it could be the end and beginning of a new age - of some sort! However, this is a square, concerning concrete issues, and the Uranus-Pluto cycle began back in the 1960s. Perhaps the new age began back then, without our realising it, and perhaps, with visionary and bloody stuff included, the full variety is already showing itself.

Scorpio to 2012 via William Lonsdale...

In a few days we'll move from the sign of Scorpio into Sagittarius. As a parting gesture to I'm copying some words from a fascinating book by anthropologer Dr. Richard Grossinger: "The Night Sky". The good doctor is not an astrologer, but he respects astrology's doctrines, it seems, which is a refreshing change from the attitude of most academics.

"Then Scorpio comes in Autumn bearing Antares on its spine, exactly counter the Bull - he is destroyer, resurrector. To Taurus, Scorpio answers, "Nothing is forever". The quintessential Scorpio characteristic is to fall into utter gloom and despair and then, at the moment of greatest hopelessness, to rebound with tremendous energy, to transform everything that was dark into light - but ultimately to descend back into the abyss. (Astrologer William) Lonsdale describes three ways we contact Scorpio:

In the best love experiences we ever have, in the best relations with other we ever have, and in the deepest darkest crannies of our psyche that we've ever explored. ........The world of Scorpio is the solitary individual in a kind of inferior reflective relationship with all of being.....It takes us through total total underworld experiences and then there's a moment where we emerge and we realize that, oh, there's a whole other side, there's a whole other way....."

I'm not familiar with the writings of William Lonsdale, so after typing the above I did a quick Google search.
No information available about the man himself, but curiously I was led to astrologer Molly Hall's blog, to a page where she had listed several quotes from "2012. Crossing the Bridge to the Future" by Mark Borax. In his book Mr. Borax attributes these quotes to astrologer William (aka Ellias) Lonsdale. Molly's post is an interesting read, and moreso because this week the movie "2012" is showing in cinemas, and depicts a quite different version of imagined events of 2012.

I particularly like this snippet from Max Borax's book:

"The Atlanteans knew the great secret that Earth, like the human body, is a fluid medium, awash in tides of electromagnetic force, composed of invisible meridians, energy frequencies that weave together matter and can be manipulated for various purposes. Everything here is energy."

We're awash in tides - I think so too - tides we don't understand, but struggle to do so by using ancient, and what will surely turn out to be crude, astrological tools.

PS: And regarding the other "2012" - we saw it last evening. It wasn't as bad as some reviewers have suggested, it was every bit as scary as expected, like a long white knuckle ride at the fairground. One thing it does is make the world outside seem a whole lot less depressing as you walk out of the cinema after two and a half hours, Adam Lambert's "Time for Miracles" still fresh in mind. It was good to feel the earth solid beneath our feet, all buildings still in place with no tidal wave about to rush over the sleepy Oklahoma landscape. If for no other reason, it's worth seeing "2012" to bring it home that we are lucky, in spite of our individual difficulties and frustrations - but we are fragile. One thing that has to be kept in mind all the way through the movie though: IT'S A PIECE OF FICTION, and doesn't profess to be anything else - especially not a prediction!

Roland Emmerich & "2012"

Roland Emmerich's upcoming movie "2012", for release in November, looks like being the blue touchpaper ready to ignite a whole new fluster about 2012 and the Mayan calendar's ending in December of that year. He and his PR team obviously intend the public not to overlook his new movie. There was something called a "roadblock" of commercials for it on TV last Thursday, when almost every TV channel carried the same commercial and clip from "2012" - at the same time. I understand a similar tactic will be used in Europe and elsewhere later this month. Overkill?







Emmerich seems to enjoy making movies with an apocalyptic theme - "The Day After Tomorrow" and "Independence Day", for instance. When I looked at Emmerich's natal chart, it reminded me instantly of one I was looking at just last week - Weird Wenesday subject's, Claude Vorhilon aka "Rael".

Roland Emmerich was born on November 10 1955 in Sindelfingen, Germany. Time of birth is unknown, so a 12 noon chart has to suffice. Rising sign will not be accurate, nor will exact position of Moon - if born before 11am Moon would have been in Virgo, later than that, in Libra.



With reference to the similarity between Emmerich's chart and Vorhilon's, it's not only emphasis on the same signs, and the clustered pattern of the chart, it's the fact that there's a peculiar coincidence in that Mars and Mercury occupy the same degrees of the same sign, but reversed in each chart (sounds muddled).......Emmerich has Merury at 3 Scorpio, Vorhilon has Mars at 3 Scorpio. Emmerich has Mars at 17 Libra, Vorhilon has Mercury at 17 Libra. I really don't know whether there's any sound astrological sifnificance in this or not, but I found it weird!

Whereas Vorhilon (chart on right, click to enlarge) has Sun, Mercury and Neptune (imagination & creativity) conjoined natally, Emmerich has
Mercury and Neptune conjoined, though in different signs, in his case the Sun is a degree or two too distant to form a triple conjunction, but it's a similar line-up to Vorhilon's.

Emmerich has Jupiter and Pluto conjoined in Leo, which could be translated as an exaggeration of paranoia and concern with death put on the show-biz (Leo) stage. Vorhilon has Saturn and Pluto conjoined in Leo - which might be translated as business interests and concerns with death put on the public stage via his cult activities.

Neither Emmerich nor Vorhilon has any planets in Earth signs, so grounding for their creative imaginings is absent; each uses his free-range imagination in different ways. Superficially there's no obvious similarity between them, but their inner drives do have things in common.

In the beginning.......when?

Wikipedia states that 11th or 13th August 3114 BC, was the date from which the Mayan Long Count calendar started (rectified to the way we presently count time). It's from this date that their now famous cycle began - the one that ends on 21 December 2012.

In the words of The Bard, "aye, there's the rub".

I've gathered that the date in mid-August was selected by Mayan astrologers, astrononmers and calendar constructors due to the position of the Milky Way in the skies over their part of the world at that point on their calendar.

August 13, 3114 BC is as precise and accurate as one can get for a beginning of history: the first Egyptian dynasty is dated to ca 3100 BC; the first 'city,' Uruk, in Mesopotamia, also ca 3100 BC; the Hindu Kali Yuga, 3102 BC; and most interestingly, the division of time into 24 hours of 60 minutes each and each minute into 60 seconds [and the division of the circle into 360 degrees], also around 3100 BC, in Sumeria.
If the beginning of history was so accurately placed, then must not the end of history, December 21, 2012 also be as accurate? See here.

But that surely refers to the start of some level of human civilisation. The Earth and solar system are estimated to have formed some 4.6 billion years ago. That was "creation" proper.

If we are talking about the start of history, or civilisation, as a date from which to begin making a count based on the positions and cycles of the stars and planets, any date settled upon is nebulous at best. Why would cycles, based on the position of celestial bodies, start from some arbitrary point when humans had become sufficiently sophisticated to set themselves into some semblance of organisation? Cycles began at the time the Earth and our solar system began. 2012, or any other date calculated from any calendar of any ancient civilisation, simply form a part of their civilisation's myth and legend, nothing more.

I'm a mere lay-person, and have probably either missed the point, or grabbed a hold of the wrong end of the ancient stick. Still, it's something worth considering. Think, also, how much money has been accumulated by authors and TV presentations, and movies, based on this (probable) myth involving 2012.

CONCERT IN TULSA

This will be my last post for a few days - we're going to Tulsa to see the American Idol concert at the BOK Center. We plan to spend an extra day, or maybe two in the city. There's a jazz museum to be investigated, some nice art deco architecture to gaze upon; who knows what else!

The concert will be our main focus. I know that American Idol isn't everyone's cup of tea, but the show did, for us, brighten TV schedules throughout the winter and spring. I've always been keen on musical talent shows, and seem to have infected the husband with my own enthusiasm, to some extent.

The concert tour features the top ten Idol contestants from this season's show.
Sun sign line-up is as follows: 1 Aries; 3 Taurus; 1 Gemini(cusp); 1 Cancer(cusp); 1 Leo; 1 Libra; 1 Sagittarius(cusp); 1 Aquarius. (No Capricorn, Pisces, Scorpio or Virgo). There's an oil rig worker, a welder, a couple of young mothers, a couple of students, a 17-year old gal, a former church music director, a visually impaired guy, and a singer who cut his performance teeth in musical theater. For some of these, their lives will never be the same again; all will have some amazing memories to treasure.

According to reports of the 12 concerts so far held, on the west coast and into Texas via Arizona, the last-mentioned musical theater guy is stealing the show. This comes as no surprise. Adam Lambert(Aquarius Sun/Aries Moon/Libra Rising) has had the celestial support of the Jupiter/Neptune conjunction in his Sun sign for past weeks and months. He's heading for super-stardom - I'd bet on it. Whether this will come largely from recording, TV, movies or concert tours or a combination of all, it's hard to say as yet. A tidbit of information I picked up this week is that Adam's voice may be featured in the soundtrack of the upcoming movie 2012, due for release in November(see here).

I'll be back on the blog in a few days, but in the meantime might manage the occasional tweet on TWITTER.

A sample of Adam Lambert's performance. Videos made by fans at the concerts.

"STARLIGHT" (a Muse song)



AND Adam Lambert's homage to David Bowie in a medley (Life on Mars/Fame/Let's Dance)






UPDATE

There's a brief report on the concert at my other blog "The Rest of It", and below is a compilation of my husband's shots - taken from 17 rows back from the stage, so they are not as sharp as we'd have liked. Click on "FULL SCREEN" for best view. (The background music is something called "Prevailing Winds" fromFreeplay Music's site - royalty free, please note, Mr. Copyright Detective!)

2012 ?

I haven't badgered my tarot deck for information for some time. To prevent its silting up from disuse I asked: "What do I need to know about 2012?" Shuffled, cut the cards, drew three.

The Mayan calendar ends in 2012. This fact has, over the past few years, spawned all manner of guesswork, several books, doomy prediction and nervous twitches. Astrologers, when looking at the way the planets will line up in 2012, note in particular that Pluto will still be transiting through Capricorn, Uranus will have moved into Aries, and at certain times will exactly square Pluto. This is potentially nasty stuff, but almost every aspect and transit has two sides to its interpretation. Pluto is transformative, but transformation can be beneficial; Uranus is a change bringer and upheaval merchant, but change and upheaval are often very necessary for progress to occur.

Having scanned what follows, a passing reader could do a lot worse than hop over to Sparrow Chat and read R.J. Adams' "Oh Man, How Wondrous Thou Art". I see a hint of a connection.

The cards as drawn :

10 Cups
Hanged Man
Judgement

Hmmm. Well the 2nd and 3rd cards are fairly apt. I'm not sure what to make of the first card.

10 of Cups = happiness and good fortune, the pinnacle of wellbeing. So if we take the 3 cards as past/present/future, which is the usual method, this set could be read as meaning that we, in western civilisation, reached our perceived pinnacle of happiness in the past. We led the good life to the hilt (10 is the ultimate).





The present then is represented by The Hanged Man from the Major Arcana - a much stronger card than the 10 Cups. Interpretation - sacrifice, letting go, seeing things from a new angle, re-assessing priorities, a time of waiting. Which fits our present predicament well enough, I guess.





The future or the outcome is Judgement, another Major Arcana card: re-birth, renewed hope, fresh starts, transformation of whatever went before.



As my question was specifically about 2012, not simply "the future" though, I think combining the three cards into a single interpretation could be more appropriate.
Let's see then.......Events in 2012 will bring reason for great happiness, but with need for sacrifice and re-assessment, leading to a complete transformation and new beginnings.

None of which is very specific, but it has good potential to be positive rather than negative. If I'd drawn The Tower or 10 of Swords, or The Devil, or The Moon I'd feel much less comfortable about it!



April Come She Will...and she did.
2012 come she will....

Weekend Waffle

"How I learned to stop worrying and love 2012"
(With apologies to Dr. Strangelove.)







Some zodiac signs have filtered in to the language as proper names, either as people's surnames, first names, or of businesses.

We have:

Leo Sayer
Libra Thompson (apparently a Big Brother contestant, once upon a time)
Gemini has variations - Geminia, Gemelle, Gemmina
John Virgo (British snooker player)
Alan Leo (astrologer) - not his birth name though
Melissa Leo (American actress)
Robert Scorpio (character in TV's General Hospital)

There's the Ford Taurus saloon car and a few company names using other signs, such as the predictable Pisces Swimming Pools, or Hotel Capricorn in Kilimanjaro, Africa.




In art and film, occasional muddled thinking has been detected with regard to depiction of the Moon. The topic of artistic Moon muddle is discussed here :

"Even film directors are not immune from being ignorant about the phases of the Moon. Steven Spielberg shows an unchanging morning crescent Moon several evenings running in ET, for example. It's surprising that no-one on the production team realised that the Moon changes phase from night to night, or the difference between a morning and an evening crescent."

Painters tend to depict only full or crescent Moons in their work, but even then they get it wrong sometimes. They have shown it in an impossible orientation. Turner makes the mistake of seeing the Sun when on the horizon as larger than the Moon in one of his pencil sketches. The same error was made in a painting by Jules Breton. Another that shows the crescent Moon is named Moonrise, whereas the Moon is an evening crescent which must be setting.

One artist who didn't fall into the trap of Moon Muddle was 16th century painter Adam Elsheimer. His painting "Flight into Egypt" is said to even show the consellations in correct configuration. Clicking on image below should enlarge it sufficiently to see stars. In case Blogger's capability is too limited, there's a large and enlargeable version available here.






On Thursday evening we attended the last of the Chisholm Trail Arts Council's shows for this season at our local theater: The Golden Dragon Acrobats of China. It was a delightful finale. We weren't supposed to take photographs, but the husband, naughty as ever, sneaked one or two and hoped nobody was looking! A couple of them are below, followed by a 30 second YouTube promo video. If the acrobats come your way - go see 'em, it's a glorious spectacle, and a time honored tradition that began more than 27 centuries ago. The company has performed in over 65 countries on 5 continents; and in all 50 states of the USA.

On the agenda for 2012

Maybe this is what the Mayans foresaw so many centuries ago, for 2012?

We're certainly heading for The Age of Aquarius, at breakneck speed, if this is any indication!

"Space Hotel sees 2012 opening"

By Pascale Harter
BARCELONA (Reuters) - "Galactic Suite", the first hotel planned in space, expects to open for business in 2012 and would allow guests to travel around the world in 80 minutes.
Its Barcelona-based architects say the space hotel will be the most expensive in the galaxy, costing $4 million for a three-day stay.
During that time guests would see the sun rise 15 times a day and use Velcro suits to crawl around their pod rooms by sticking themselves to the walls like Spiderman ............................................
In an era of concern over climate change, Galaxy Suite have no plans so far to offset the pollution implications of sending a rocket to carry just six guests at a time into space.
"But," says Claramunt, "I'm hopeful that the impact of seeing the earth from a distance will stimulate the guests' urge to value and protect our planet."

(We can only hope!)................Full article HERE.

Time-wise

I often wonder how writers feel about their stories and books when time gives the lie, or more accurately the misjudgement, to the timing of their plotlines.

It's an odd experience to read science fiction and post-apocalyptic novels and short stories written many years ago, finding that the author has set his plot in a time-frame which now, in 2007, is in the past. Nothing remotely close to their imaginings has happened - life has gone on, albeit with changes, some discoveries, new technology and a few new traumas. The authors were storytellers, not astrologers or psychics, they were not predicting events. The fact that they set their plots in a specific time frame, though, indicates that they considered the chosen date to be realistic and believable, at the time of writing.

George Orwell's "1984", and Arthur C. Clarke's "2001 A Space Odyssey" are two of the best known examples. A lesser known book called "Down to a Sunless Sea" by David Graham is yet another. I bought a secondhand copy this week. I'd read it back when it was originally published (first in the UK then in the USA) in the late 70s/early 80s. I lent it to a friend , who lent it to another, and it was lost for ever. I was surprised when I flicked through the book again to see the date the author had specified for the action to take place - 1985. The world had exploded into nuclear war, eventually leading to a pole shift. How odd that seems now, 22 years later. Sure enough there have been flurries of war and terrorism, but nothing matching the author's vision - USA crumbling, hunger and violence everywhere, citizens trying desperately to escape from America to Europe. Perhaps what he imagined for 1985 is yet to come - or perhaps it will remain an author's imaginings for ever.

There are some examples of similar misjudgements, related to TV presentations at TV Tropes Wiki (scroll down to section on "TIME".) A remark made there highlights an interesting point:
" Writers in the 1950s and 1960s thought that placing something in "The Year 2000" was as good as placing it a million years in the future. Even today, The Future is generally 300-500 years hence, even if we've developed a vast star-faring civilization. Some of this is a product of the progress-mania of the early 20th century -- after all, if in your lifetime, you'd seen mankind go from inventing the airplane to walking on the moon, it didn't seem all that unreasonable that we'd be living on Jupiter by 1999. This sort of thing gives many shows set Twenty Minutes Into The Future a shelf-life of about fifteen minutes. "

What surprises me most is not what authors imagine, but that they risk specifying dates. This can detract from a very good tale. In spite of the fact that a story is just that - a story, many readers must find themselves wearing a slight sneer when dates now well past are specified: "Neener neener neener. It didn't happen!"

I think we can be reasonably certain that many of the thoughts we have about 2008, 2010 and 2012 will prove to be just as misjudged as some plotlines from past literature.

Another thought about 2012

Below is an extract from an almost 3-year old item by George Dvorsky on the BetterHumans website. The full article, entitled "Evolving towards telepathy" is well worth reading. I came across it accidentally and was intrigued. It does sound like science fiction, but it appears that something similar might be waiting in the wings for us. Astrologers and others have spoken a lot about an evolutionary step for mankind being likely in 2012, when one great cycle of time is due to end, might this be the step?

"As I thought further about this similarity it occurred to me that the technology required to create a technologically endowed form of telepathy is all but upon us. By combining Jorgensen's device and a cochlear implant with a radio transmitter and a fancy neural data conversion device, we could create a form of communication that bypasses the acoustic realm altogether.

I decided to contact Jorgensen and other researchers about the prospect of such "techlepathy." While I have always entertained the idea that we'll eventually develop telepathy-enabling technologies, the optimistic responses I received from these researchers startled me nonetheless. And as I suspected, the technologies and scientific insight required for such an achievement are rapidly coming into focus—an exciting prospect to be sure.

The dream of mind-to-mind communication and the desire to transcend one's own consciousness is as old as language itself. You could make a strong case that there's a near pathological craving for it, a tendency that manifests through the widespread belief in paranormal telepathy.

ESP aside, it seems that this craving will soon be satisfied. Several advances in communications technology and neuroscience are giving pause about the possibility of endowing us with techlepathy. As we continue to ride the wave of the communications revolution, and as the public demand for more sophisticated communications tools continues, it seems a veritable certainty that we are destined to become a species capable of mind-to-mind communication.

This prospect is as profound as it is exciting. Such a change to the species would signify a prominent development in the evolution of humanity—a change that would irrevocably alter the nature of virtually all human relations and interactions. "